Rendered in PEN - - - The Archimedean Spiral is named after Greek mathematician Archimedes. The graph is formed when r is proportional to θ, where: - r is the distance from the origin - θ is the angle between [the line formed by joining the point to the origin] and [the x-axis] This type of equation uses polar coordinates instead of Cartesian coordinates. Polar coordinates were introduced in 1691 by Jakob Bernoulli.