Typhoon Surigae, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Bising, was the strongest Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone to form before the month of May and one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record.[1][2] The fourth tropical depression, second named storm, first typhoon and the first super typhoon of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season, Surigae originated from a low-pressure area south of the Micronesian island of Woleai that organized into a tropical depression on April 12. At 18:00 UTC that day, it strengthened to a tropical storm and was named Surigae by the JMA. The formation of an eye and increasing winds prompted the JMA to upgrade the system to a severe tropical storm on April 13. The storm proceeded to gradually strengthen, and late on April 15, Surigae became a typhoon. Very favorable environmental conditions then allowed Surigae to rapidly intensify; on the next day Surigae became a super typhoon, and by April 17, the storm reached its peak intensity, with 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph),[nb 1] 1-minute sustained winds of 305 km/h (190 mph), and a minimum pressure of 895 hPa (26.4 inHg). This made it the strongest pre-May typhoon on record. Afterward, weakening outflow and an eyewall replacement cycle caused Surigae to gradually weaken as its track shifted north-northwestward in the Philippine Sea. Surigae became an annular tropical cyclone on April 19, following the eyewall replacement cycle, and restrengthened slightly. On April 22, the storm began to rapidly weaken as it accelerated northwestwards into unfavorable conditions, transitioning into a subtropical storm the next day. The subtropical system subsequently underwent extratropical transition, which it completed by April 24. Afterward, Surigae's extratropical remnant accelerated northeastward. On April 27, Surigae explosively intensified into a bomb cyclone near the Aleutian Islands, attaining hurricane-force winds. Afterward, the system gradually weakened as it turned eastward, slowing down in the process, before dissipating on April 30.
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