<Prologue> After the Peloponnesian War, Greek city-states began to decline. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, not only did Sparta, the leader of the war, lose its supremacy in the Battle of Leuctra, losing its supremacy. While Greece was in this chaos, the kingdom of Macedonia in northern Greece began to rise. Macedonia, which was originally a small country, had been prepared for expansion by Philip II, who had spent his youth as a hostage in Thebes, returning home to settle the chaos and forming an outstanding standing army through military reform. Then he intervened in the Third Holy War and obtained the surrender of the Phocians, increasing Macedonian influence over Greece. As a result, Macedonian power in Greece increased, and Athens and Thebes became dissatisfied with this and rebelled against Macedonian power
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