Sedna explained: "Why and how?" ========================================= Before we begin, let's talk about the project's star, more like dwarf planet (get it? Dwarf Planet?) And the dwarf planet featured in this project is... Sedna! Yes, you read that correctly! Sedna is a dwarf planet on the periphery of the solar system. So, a dwarf planet is a space object with enough mass to be round but not quite enough mass to be a planet. It is named after the Inuit goddess of the sea and sea creatures. It has a rotation time of about 10 hours. Neptune's orbital period of 165 years pales in comparison with Sedna's whopping 11804 years! ========================================= Sedna's orbit is quite eccentric (It does not have a circular orbit but rather, an elliptical orbit). However, the question is, WHY? And in this animation, we'll answer that question. ========================================= To answer this question, consider the bodies that can influence the orbit of a planet or dwarf planet. That is true for any high-mass body. So far, I've identified three of these: a star, a black hole, and a ninth planet. ========================================= Consider the first possibility: that our solar system is a binary star system. To facilitate comprehension, we should give our sun's binary companion (but only in this case!) a name. What about the name, Helios? So, if this is the case, Helios should be at least ten times the mass of Earth. But it must be close enough so that Sedna is drawn in by its gravity, but not too close. If Helios gets too close, Sedna will begin orbiting Helios rather than the sun. Now, this assumption is incorrect! ========================================= Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system, is quite large. How? The sun is composed of 92.1 percent hydrogen and 7.9 percent helium. Jupiter is composed of 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. The composition is nearly identical now. So, why is Jupiter not a star? ========================================= A sub-brown dwarf is similar to a star in many ways. If 90 Jupiters were thrown at one point, it would not be enough to form a star, but it could form a sub-brown dwarf! A sub-brown dwarf has a bit of a star-like glow to it. However, this glow is very faint. Adding mass to a sub-brown dwarf, on the other hand, will increase its glow. When the limit is reached, this sub-brown dwarf will be transformed into a star! ========================================= Jupiter is approximately 318 times the mass of Earth. A sub-brown dwarf is how many times the mass of the Earth. The answer is 318 x 90, or 28620. As a result, a star with a mass of ten Earth masses is implausible. =========================================In the second case, we have a black hole. Let's call it "Malina." Malina would have to be a very distant primordial black hole. It must only draw Sedna to Malina. What exactly are primordial black holes? Primordial black holes are small black holes that formed at the beginning of the universe, according to theory. However, such black holes must be harmless to celestial bodies. =========================================Now here's the issue: Without the ability to consume other celestial bodies, primordial black holes would have vanished a long time ago. So, let's rule this out of the running. =========================================Consider our last scenario, in which we have a ninth planet in our solar system. This is the most likely scenario because some astronomers believe there is a ninth planet. Scientists refer to it as "Planet Nine." It will most likely be located at the common point between the dwarf planets' orbits. =========================================I agree with the astronomers that Planet 9 exists. Planet 9 could exist and be out there, just waiting to be discovered. =========================================And I'm hoping this gets picked up to be featured. So, thank you to everyone who watched this and my other animation, Life- A Mini-Theoretical Animation. I hope you enjoyed it and learned something from it. Thank you for watching, and bye-bye! Credits: (me) for animating and most of the theory. for doing fact checks. Go follow them. The link to their account is in the description. "Insane Curiosity" channel on YouTube for a bit of info. "Wikipedia" for basic info about Sedna "QuillBot" for most grammatical issues and paraphrasing.
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