I learned how to make a cool simple inversion effect It works by having a white base on the bottom layer, and a half-opacity (ghost effect) black layer on the top layer. In between those layers, there is a gray layer, which matches the color of the black and white layers, cancelling the white layer, and making it darker. the background is then the color of the overlapping grey and black layers. Thank you for reading this, it definitely wasn't the best explanation, I recommend watching Ellisha's effect tutorial, as it explains better.
inversion effect tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BObFrz3DDKc&t=141s layering tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxjbYJLAUYU&t=1150s